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Description of this part for the microscope.

their standard configuration were supplied with three wooden boxes:
- the main microscope case
- a smaller accessory case (Case No. 1)
- a larger wooden carrying case for accessories (Case No. 2)
The box presented here is Case No. 2. This particular example originally comes from a Lomo Polam L-211 microscope, but it can also be used to store accessories from other Lomo Polam models.

Various names are used on the secondary market for this type of wooden microscope box, including:
- wooden accessory box
- microscope accessory case
- microscope accessory storage case
- microscope accessory carrying case
- protective case for microscope accessories
- wooden storage case for microscope parts
- transport case for microscope components
- wooden instrument case
- fitted wooden case for microscope accessories
- wooden carrying case for microscope attachments
- storage box for microscope eyepieces and objectives
- original microscope accessory case

A millimetre scale is visible in all photographs, but I intentionally do not provide the dimensions of this case in the description, even though this would normally be considered good practice. I simply believe that mainly (or perhaps only?) users of Lomo Polam polarizing microscopes will be interested in it, as they may wish to store original accessories in an original wooden case.

The last photograph shows the original Lomo label with the factory arrangement of the contents of this case. This will definitely help the user place the appropriate components in the correct compartments.

Description of this part for the microscope.

their standard configuration were supplied with three wooden boxes:
- the main microscope case
- a smaller accessory case (Case No. 1)
- a larger wooden carrying case for accessories (Case No. 2)
The box presented here is Case No. 1. This particular example originally comes from a Lomo Polam L-211 microscope, but it can also be used to store accessories from other Lomo Polam models.

Various names are used on the secondary market for this type of wooden microscope box, including:
- wooden accessory box
- microscope accessory case
- microscope accessory storage case
- microscope accessory carrying case
- protective case for microscope accessories
- wooden storage case for microscope parts
- transport case for microscope components
- wooden instrument case
- fitted wooden case for microscope accessories
- wooden carrying case for microscope attachments
- storage box for microscope eyepieces and objectives
- original microscope accessory case

A millimetre scale is visible in all photographs, but I intentionally do not provide the dimensions of this case in the description, even though this would normally be considered good practice. I simply believe that mainly (or perhaps only?) users of Lomo Polam polarizing microscopes will be interested in it, as they may wish to store original accessories in an original wooden case.

The last photograph shows the original Lomo label with the factory arrangement of the contents of this case. This will definitely help the user place the appropriate components in the correct compartments.

Description of this part for the microscope.

light from the lamp into homogeneous illumination, makes the lamp filament invisible and ensures that the entire specimen is illuminated evenly.

The filter is mounted on a swing-out holder, which is a separate module installed below the condenser. This allows the entire frosted diffuser to be swung out of the optical path. In this position, for example, illumination according to the Koehler standard can be adjusted.

Users employ various names for the matt filter mounted below the condenser. These include:
- matt filter
- frosted filter
- ground glass diffuser
- diffuser
- diffuser filter
- frost filter
- opal diffuser
- diffusing screen
- condenser diffuser
- swing-out diffuser

In the last photograph, an arrow indicates which microscope element is being offered and where it is located in the microscope, allowing this part to be identified unambiguously.

The holder with the frosted diffuser fits every model of the Lomo Polam microscope series (the model designation written in Cyrillic is given in parentheses):
- Lomo Polam S-111 (the Cyrillic designation looks like C-111)
- Lomo Polam S-112 (C-112)
- Lomo Polam R-111 (P-111)
- Lomo Polam R-112 (P-112)
- Lomo Polam R-113 (P-113)
- Lomo Polam L-211
- Lomo Polam L-213
- Lomo Polam LMPR
- also Lomo Polam R-312 and Lomo Polam R-311 (the Cyrillic designation is P-312 and P-311), although in these models the matt filter below the condenser is usually not required because these microscopes are intended primarily for reflected light work

The final photograph, in which I indicate with an arrow the mounting position of the diffuser below the condenser, is a poster containing a comparison table of various Lomo Polam microscope models. It will help you easily identify which model of Lomo Polam polarizing microscope you own.

Description of this part for the microscope.

Carl Zeiss Jena, PZO, Meopta, Olympus, IOR and others.

This tube makes it possible to connect a camera or photographic camera to a trinocular head or directly to the microscope body, even when no trinocular head is installed.

Originally, this adapter was designed for the Lomo TRN-1 trinocular head. This head was used in Lomo Polam polarizing microscopes from the early 1970s onwards.

Several remarks regarding the model designation of the trinocular head for which this component was originally intended:
- the name Lomo TRN-1 is the Latin alphabet designation. In Cyrillic script the model designation appears as TPH (for example model TPH1Y4.2), and this designation is used in the manual for the Lomo Polam L-211 microscope
- the vast majority of these trinocular heads are not marked with any model designation
- the Envirotools website http://www.envirotools.hu/ateso_fenyu_polarizacios_mikroszkop.htm refers to this trinocular head as HU-POL

In the last photograph, an arrow indicates exactly which component is being offered and where it is located in the Lomo Polam microscope, allowing this part to be identified unambiguously.

Basic technical parameters of this tube:
Mounting method to the trinocular head or microscope: 41 mm dovetail mount (this is also the Carl Zeiss Jena standard)
Camera mounting method: male M39 thread
Alternative camera mounting method: since the M39 thread can be removed, a plain smooth tube with a diameter of 35 mm remains
Additional optics: yes, the original optics are installed inside, although they can be removed, leaving only an "empty tube".

This is not "a tube dedicated to a specific microscope model". It is a tube originally mounted on the third port (photo port) of a trinocular head. Since a trinocular head can be installed on microscopes other than the model with which it was originally supplied, this tube can be regarded as a universal accessory.

These technical parameters make it possible to use this tube with virtually any microscope manufactured by:
- Lomo (for example Biolam, Polam, MBB-1A and others)
- Carl Zeiss Jena (for example Ergaval, Amplival, Jenamed and others)
- IOR, Meopta and other manufacturers using a 41 / 41.5 mm dovetail mount

In addition, a 41 mm dovetail tube can easily be mounted on microscopes equipped with a 42 mm or 43 mm opening, for example:
- Olympus (for example CH, CH-2, BH-2 models)
- PZO (for example Biolar, Studar, MB-30 and others)

The entire list of microscope manufacturers and models given above may also be treated as a list of microscopes compatible with the Lomo TRN-1 trinocular head. Indeed, many examples can be found on the Internet showing this head being used with microscopes made by manufacturers other than Lomo.

Because this tube is equipped with an M39 thread by default, almost any camera or photographic camera can be attached by means of a suitable adapter, for example:
- devices with M42 threads
- devices with C-mount threads
- Nikon, Sony, Olympus and other camera standards

This is therefore a universal photo tube featuring a 41 mm dovetail on one side and either an M39 thread or a 35 mm tube on the other side.

In the image gallery, every photograph includes a millimetre scale, and in addition, the dimensions of the dovetail, tube and thread have been measured with calipers so that compatibility can be determined precisely.

Description of this part for the microscope.

for the large illuminator attached to the rear of the microscope
- a built-in right-angle mirror in the base that redirects the light beam. This mirror can be centered using two adjustment screws located on the front of the microscope base
- the focusing block with coarse focus (macro movement) and coaxial fine focus (micro movement)
- a mount for either the single objective holder (pincer holder) or the 5-position polarizing objective nosepiece
- the microscope head mounting point – however, in Lomo Polam microscopes a polarizing intermediate tube with the analyzer is mounted here first, followed by the microscope head

The complete body of the Lomo Polam L-211 microscope may be useful in the following situations:
- if you are building your own microscope by purchasing individual components to assemble a configuration that perfectly matches your requirements
- if you own a Lomo Polam microscope whose body is in very poor condition, damaged or incomplete, for example with non-functioning focusing controls, a damaged illuminator mount or other mechanical problems

Since this database includes both the body of the Lomo Polam R-113 (Полам Р-113) and the Lomo Polam L-211 (Полам Л-211), here is a brief summary of the differences between them:
- the Lomo Polam R-113 has no built-in illumination components in the base, only an opening for a mirror or an external light source
- the Lomo Polam L-211 has a built-in right-angle mirror in the base that redirects light from the rear illuminator vertically upward, and it also provides a mounting point for the large rear illuminator
- the Lomo Polam R-113 has a permanently installed single objective holder (pincer holder) for a polarizing objective
- the Lomo Polam L-211, on the other hand, has an interchangeable mount that accepts either a single objective holder (pincer holder) or a 5-position polarizing objective nosepiece

Lomo Polam microscopes feature a standardized modular design, which means, for example:
- components such as the microscope stage holder, condenser holder, polarizing intermediate tube, monocular head or trinocular photo head from other Polam microscope models (e.g. R-113, R-211 or L-213) are compatible with this L-211 body
- this L-211 body can also be installed on other Lomo Polam models, including older ones, making it an inexpensive way to upgrade an older Polam microscope, for example one with a damaged coarse/fine focusing block
- another interesting option is replacing only the base in order to equip simpler Lomo Polam microscopes with the powerful rear-mounted illuminator

An amusing curiosity. Users of Lomo Polam microscopes, especially those unfamiliar with the Cyrillic alphabet, sometimes misread the model designation of the Lomo Polam L-211.
- the original Cyrillic designation is: Л-211
- many users mistake the letter "Л" (L) for the letter "П" (P) because they have a very similar appearance in Cyrillic
- as a result, they incorrectly read the model designation as Lomo Polam P-211
- the funny part is that there actually is a microscope model called "ЛОМО Полам Р-211" – however, the Cyrillic letter "Р" corresponds to the Latin letter "R", which makes the confusion even greater